Refactoring for Reuse: An Empirical Study

Refactoring is the de-facto practice to optimize software health. While several studies propose refactoring strategies to optimize software design through applying design patterns and removing design defects, little is known about how developers actually refactor their code to improve its reuse. Therefore, we extract, from 1,828 open source projects, a set of refactorings that were intended to improve the software reusability. We analyze the impact of reusability refactorings on the state-of-the-art reusability metrics, and we compare the distribution of reusability refactoring types, with the distribution of the remaining mainstream refactorings. Overall, we found that the distribution of refactoring types, applied in the context of reusability, is different from the distribution of refactoring types in mainstream development. In the refactorings performed to improve reusability, source files are subject to more design level types of refactorings. Reusability refactorings significantly impact, high-level code elements, such as packages, classes, and methods, while typical refactorings, impact all code elements, including identifiers, and parameters. These findings provide practical insights into the current practice of refactoring in the context of code reuse involving the act of refactoring

Laproscopic myomectomy a case series of 30 patients with pandit’s 4s technique

Abstract Myomas are benign tumors of smooth muscle of uterus during reproductive years. This study aims at assessing the outcome ie complications, morbidity, and post op recovery in case . Series of 30 patients of laparoscopic myomectomy performed by expert laparoscopic surgeon and his team regardless of size, number ,location of fibroid. In expert hands, with effective training in advanced laproscopy , sound suturing skills laproscopic myomectomy can be done safely, irrespective of size ,number or location of myomas. Key words: Laparoscopic,patients,surgeo

Analysis of apical third root canal morphology of the palatal root of maxillary first molar and its proximity to maxillary sinus: A cone-beam computed tomographic study

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the angulation of the apical exit from radiographic apex of palatal root of maxillary first molar, to measure the distance between radiographic apex and apical exit of palatal root of maxillary first molar and to measure the distance of apical exit of palatal root of maxillary first molar from maxillary sinus floor. Materials and Methods: A total of 118 untreated, well-developed maxillary first molars were selected on cone-beam computed tomography scans. Data were collected and viewed by invivo5 software. Descriptive statistical analysis was given as mean value. Results: Radiographic apex and apical exit did not coincide in the large number of samples. The palatal root of maxillary first molar was found to be in direct contact with the floor of maxillary sinus in maximum samples. Conclusion: Apical exit does not coincide with the radiographic apex in all the cases. The distance between radiographic apex and apical foramina or apical exit ranges from 0 to 1.43 mm. The apical exit or apical foramina are in direct contact with maxillary sinus floor in 75% cases

Periodontium in pregnancy: A systematic review

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are advocated to show adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hence in our study we aim to conduct a systematic review of the previous systemic reviews studying the association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Material and methods: We searched online databases up to November 2016 for the previous Systematic reviews of studies comparing pregnancy outcomes among women with and without periodontal disease were eligible for inclusion. Primary outcomes were maternal mortality, preterm birth, and perinatal mortality. Results: From the 23 none reported the association between periodontal disease and maternal or perinatal mortality. Systematic reviews with the lowest risk of bias consistently demonstrated positive associations between periodontal disease and preterm birth, low birth weight, preeclampsia, and preterm LBW. Based on these figures, estimated population- attributable fractions for periodontal disease were 5% to 38% for preterm birth, 6% to 41% for LBW, and 10%to 55% for preeclampsia. Due to substantial overlap in included primary studies, we could not combine results across reviews. Conclusion: We can conclude that pregnant women with periodontal disease are at increased risk of developing preeclampsia and delivering a preterm and/or LBW baby

Comparison between different absorbable plating systems in craniofacial surgery-an original research

Aim: The purpose of this in vitro present research was to evaluate different absorbable plating systems in different craniofacial surgeries. Methodology: A sample of patients with single-suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis treated using either Resorb-X or Delta bioresorbable plating systems were reviewed. Only patients with preoperative, immediate, and long-term 3-dimensional photographic images or computed tomography scans were included. A comparison of plating system outcomes was performed to determine the need for clinic and emergency room visits, imaging obtained, and incidence of subsequent surgical procedures due to complications. Results: Forty-six patients (24 Resorb-X and 22 Delta) underwent open repair with bioabsorbable plating for single suture craniosynostosis. The mean age at each imaging time point was similar between the 2 plating systems (P>0.717). Deformity specific measures for sagittal (cranial index), metopic (inter fronto temporale), and unicoronal (frontal asymmetry) synostosis were equivalent between the systems at all time points (0.05<P<0.904). A single Delta patient developed bilateral scalp cellulitis and abscesses and subsequently required operative intervention and antibiotics. Conclusion: Bioabsorbable plating for craniosynostosis in children as well as craniofacial surgeries are effective and has low morbidity

Comparison Between Different Absorbable Plating Systems in Craniofacial Surgery-an Original Research

Aim: The purpose of this in vitro present research was to evaluate different absorbable plating systems in different craniofacial surgeries. Methodology: A sample of patients with single-suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis treated using either Resorb-X or Delta bioresorbable plating systems were reviewed. Only patients with preoperative, immediate, and long-term 3-dimensional photographic images or computed tomography scans were included. A comparison of plating system outcomes was performed to determine the need for clinic and emergency room visits, imaging obtained, and incidence of subsequent surgical procedures due to complications. Results: Forty-six patients (24 Resorb-X and 22 Delta) underwent open repair with bioabsorbable plating for single suture craniosynostosis. The mean age at each imaging time point was similar between the 2 plating systems (P>0.717). Deformity specific measures for sagittal (cranial index), metopic (inter fronto temporale), and unicoronal (frontal asymmetry) synostosis were equivalent between the systems at all time points (0.05<P<0.904). A single Delta patient developed bilateral scalp cellulitis and abscesses and subsequently required operative intervention and antibiotics. Conclusion: Bioabsorbable plating for craniosynostosis in children as well as craniofacial surgeries are effective and has low morbidity